Copia is one of Kenya’s online startups, which begun its origins during the height of the COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya, has gone into liquidation, its tombstone reading like: Here lies one of the biggest startups to crash. It joins a long list of start-ups that have come crushing, including Twiga, Sendy, MarketForce, KOKO, Lipa Later that have collapsed in recent years.

Before its demise, Copia raised US$123millionj over 7 rounds then went to liquidation in Sept 2026 after 2 years in administration.

What led to Copia collapse?

Copia crafted a unit economics model that stubbornly never worked. The model had 50,000 agents, depots, warehouses, trucks and inventory to deliver to rural/peri-urban customers

Last-mile delivery cost in rural Africa is 35-55% of shipping cost vs 28% global average.

Average order value only $10, but Copia carried full cost of warehouses, staff, agents. They bet volume would spread costs – it never did.

Copia did not make any profit despite being in the business for 12 years. The startup adopted a venture model that prioritizing growth over sustainability.

The typical startup gamble was grow fast, profitability later.

Copia scaled to 1,800 staff, more than 2 million customers, more than 10 million orders, expanded to Uganda, planned Nigeria, Ghana, SA, Mozambique.

Copia soon ran into funding problems as taps ran dry. While it raised US$50million Series C in January 2022, US$20million extension December 2023, but needed another US$20million injection in early 2024.

Global VC winter for African tech in 2023-24 failed to raise on terms shareholders accepted.

Parent Copia Global Filed Chapter 7 bankruptcy in the US in May 2024 and listed US$45.5million liabilities against US$404,000 assets.

Copia begun a steep cost-cutting that led to the layoff of 350 staff, then in April 2024 the startup closed Uganda after 2 years.

In June 4th 2024, Copia stopped orders in 6 regions including Embu and Eldoret to preserve cash.

On June 6 2024, the firm laid off 1,060 employees after failing to make payroll and tried to pivot to app-only, removing agents who were its core advantage, ending up confusing customers

The firm also suffered competition from other players while low purchasing power in rural households, low spend, margins thin, and poor infrastructure poor hit its bottomlines.

Copia has been under administration of KPMG. In September, the High Court ordered for its liquidation. Assets will be sold to pay creditors as its investors face total loss.

Copia was Founded by Tracey Turner, Tim Steel and Michael King.